Mango, Common Mango
Kingdom: Plantae; Division: Magnoliophyta; Class: Magnoliopsida; Order: Sapindales; Family: Anacardiaceae; Genus: Mangifera; Species: Mangifera indica · Anacardiaceae (Cashew or Sumac family) · Simple; Evergreen
Species
Mangifera indica
Leaf Type
Simple; Evergreen
Family
Anacardiaceae (Cashew or Sumac family)
Shape
Lanceolate to elliptical with an acute or acuminate apex
Size
Approximately 4-8 inches long in this sapling stage; mature leaves can reach 12 inches. Currently typical for a young nursery specimen.
Margin
Entire but often notably undulate (wavy) along the edges
Arrangement
Alternate, though leaves often emerge close together at the branch tips in a spiral or pseudo-whorled appearance
Rarity
Very Common; widely cultivated as a fruit crop and ornamental tree in suitable climates
Color & Pattern
Deep vibrant green on the upper surface with a slightly paler underside; new growth often emerges with reddish, bronze, or purple tints before maturing to green.
Venation Pattern
Pinnate with a very prominent, light-colored midrib and closely spaced, parallel secondary veins
Texture & Surface
Leathery (coriaceous) and smooth; glossy on the upper surface when hydrated or wet as seen in the photo
Description
This is a young Mango sapling. The tree eventually grows into a large, spreading evergreen canopy. The bark is grey-brown and becomes fissured with age. It produces panicles of small, fragrant yellowish flowers followed by large, fleshy drupes (mango fruit).
Key Features
Prominent midrib with parallel secondary veins that curve slightly toward the margin; wavy (undulate) leaf edges; leathery texture; and a distinct resinous smell when the leaf is crushed.
Habitat
Tropical and subtropical regions; prefers well-drained, deep soil and full sun; drought-tolerant once established but sensitive to frost
Geographic Range
Native to South Asia (India and Myanmar); widely cultivated in tropical climates worldwide including Florida, Mexico, and Southeast Asia
Condition Notes
Good condition. The leaves are turgid and glossy, indicating recent watering. There are minor cosmetic imperfections/mechanical damage on the lower leaf, but no signs of serious fungal rust or scale insects.
Interesting Facts
The Mango is known as the 'King of Fruits' in many cultures. It is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines. The tree is long-lived, with some specimens known to bear fruit after 300 years.
Medicinal & Uses
Primary use is the edible fruit. The wood is used for low-end furniture and crates. Medicinally, various parts have been used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for digestive issues, though modern focus is on the fruit's high Vitamin C and A content.
Ecological Role
Provides significant food for fruit bats, monkeys, and birds. It is a major honey plant for bees. As an evergreen, it provides year-round shade and stabilization in tropical soils.
Similar Species
Mangifera foetida (Horse Mango) or occasionally young Avocado (Persea americana) leaves, though Avocado leaves usually lack the distinctly wavy margin and have different venation spacing.
Foraging Tips
Look for the distinctive 'crushed mango' or turpentine-like scent of a broken leaf. In the field, look for the remains of large, fibrous seeds (pits) at the base of wild-growing saplings.
Toxicity Warning
Moderately Toxic. Mango belongs to the same family as poison ivy. The sap, skin of the fruit, and leaves contain urushiol-like resins that can cause contact dermatitis (rashes) in sensitive individuals. Do not burn the leaves, as the smoke can irritate the lungs.