Lemon (Citrus limon)
Kingdom: Plantae, Division: Tracheophytes, Class: Angiosperms, Order: Sapindales, Family: Rutaceae, Genus: Citrus, Species: Citrus limon · Rutaceae (Rue or Citrus family) · Simple, evergreen leaf
Species
Citrus limon
Leaf Type
Simple, evergreen leaf
Family
Rutaceae (Rue or Citrus family)
Shape
Elliptical to ovate with an acuminate tip
Size
Approximately 3 inches long and 1.5 inches wide, which falls well within the typical range for mature lemon tree leaves (2-4 inches long).
Margin
Crenate to finely serrulate
Arrangement
Alternate along the twig
Rarity
Very Common in cultivation and agricultural zones worldwide.
Color & Pattern
Medium to dark green on the upper surface with a slightly paler matte underside; uniform coloration with no unusual mottling or variegation.
Venation Pattern
Pinnate with a prominent pale midrib and branching lateral veins that form a reticulate network.
Texture & Surface
Leathery (coriaceous), glabrous (smooth), and slightly glossy on the upper surface.
Description
The lemon tree is a small, evergreen tree with thorny branches and fragrant white-and-purple-tinted flowers. The leaves are leathery, aromatic when crushed, and persistent year-round, contributing to the dense canopy of the citrus tree.
Key Features
Distinctively winged or unwinged petioles, finely toothed margins towards the apex, translucent oil glands visible when held to the light, and a strong citrus scent when crushed.
Habitat
Thrives in subtropical to tropical climates with full sun, well-draining slightly acidic soil, and consistent moisture without waterlogging.
Geographic Range
Native to Asia, likely northeastern India, but now widely cultivated in Mediterranean climates and tropical-to-subtropical regions globally.
Condition Notes
The leaf appears healthy with good structural integrity, minor edge wear, and a vibrant green color, grading as Good to Excellent.
Interesting Facts
Lemon leaves contain essential oils that are released when crushed. Citrus leaves are also the primary food source for the caterpillars of several swallowtail butterfly species.
Medicinal & Uses
Lemon tree leaves are occasionally used to brew herbal teas in traditional medicine. The fruit juice and zest are heavily utilized globally in culinary, cleaning, and cosmetic applications.
Ecological Role
Provides nectar for pollinators through its flowers and serves as a larval host plant for various butterfly species.
Similar Species
Other citrus species such as lime (Citrus aurantiifolia) and orange (Citrus sinensis); limes typically have smaller leaves with distinctively winged petioles, while oranges have broader, more rounded leaf tips.
Foraging Tips
Look in home gardens, orchards, or greenhouses in warm climates. Crush a small piece of the leaf to test for the unmistakable bright citrus aroma.
Toxicity Warning
Non-toxic. The leaves and fruit of Citrus limon are safe for humans, though essential oils in large quantities can occasionally cause mild skin irritation in sensitive individuals.