Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima
Ailanthus altissima · Simaroubaceae (Quassia or Tree of Heaven family)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrect
Leaf Morphology
Leaf Type
Pinnately compound, deciduous
Shape
Lanceolate leaflets with an asymmetrical base
Margin
Entire (smooth), with characteristic glandular teeth or lobes near the very base of each leaflet
Arrangement
Alternate arrangement of compound leaves along the stem, with leaflets arranged oppositely or sub-oppositely along the rachis
Venation
Pinnate venation with a prominent central midrib and ascending lateral veins
Key Features
Foul-smelling foliage when crushed, distinct glandular teeth at the base of each leaflet, smooth stems, and rapid growth rate
Description
Tree of Heaven is a rapidly growing deciduous tree known for its ability to colonize disturbed areas aggressively. It features smooth gray bark, large compound leaves that emit a strong, unpleasant odor resembling rancid peanut butter or cashews when crushed, and large clusters of winged seeds.
Habitat
Highly adaptable, found in urban environments, along roadsides, railway tracks, abandoned lots, and forest edges; prefers disturbed soils and high sunlight but tolerates poor soil and drought
Native Range
Native to China and Taiwan; widely introduced and naturalized across North America, Europe, Australia, and parts of Asia and Africa as an invasive species