Daisy Fleabane, Common Fleabane, Annual Fleabane
Kingdom: Plantae, Division: Tracheophyta, Class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Asterales, Family: Asteraceae, Genus: Erigeron, Species: Erigeron annuus · Asteraceae (Daisy or Sunflower family) · Simple, deciduous herb
Species
Erigeron annuus
Leaf Type
Simple, deciduous herb
Family
Asteraceae (Daisy or Sunflower family)
Shape
Basal leaves are ovate to lanceolate; stem leaves are lanceolate to linear-lanceolate and gradually reduce in size moving up the stem.
Size
Lower leaves are 3-6 inches long; upper stem leaves are typically 1-3 inches long.
Margin
Coarsely serrate (toothed) on lower leaves, becoming nearly entire (smooth) on the uppermost leaves.
Arrangement
Alternate along the stem; often forming a basal rosette in early growth.
Rarity
Very Common; frequently seen in disturbed landscapes and meadows.
Color & Pattern
Medium green on both surfaces; no variegation; midrib is often a lighter pale green or whitish.
Venation Pattern
Pinnate with a prominent central midrib; secondary veins are less distinct.
Texture & Surface
Pubescent (hairy) with scattered, fine white hairs on both the surfaces and the stems, giving it a slightly rough or coarse feel.
Description
An herbaceous annual or biennial reaching 1-3 feet in height. It features numerous small composite flowers with white to pale lavender ray florets surrounding a yellow center. The stems are ridged and hairy, supporting alternate lance-shaped leaves.
Key Features
Hairy stems, numerous thin white ray florets (40-100+ per flower), and coarsely toothed lower leaves that clasp the stem slightly.
Habitat
Disturbed areas, roadsides, fields, pastures, and woodland edges; prefers full sun to partial shade and moist to mesic soils.
Geographic Range
Native to North America; widely naturalized in Europe and Asia where it is often considered an invasive weed.
Condition Notes
The specimen appears healthy with typical lush green coloration and active blooming; some slight herbivory visible on lower foliage. Overall health: Excellent.
Interesting Facts
The common name 'Fleabane' comes from an old belief that the dried plants could be burned or stuffed into sachets to drive away fleas.
Medicinal & Uses
Traditionally used by indigenous peoples as a diuretic or for treating respiratory ailments. Today, it is mostly considered a weed or a wildflower for pollinator gardens.
Ecological Role
Provides a vital nectar source for a wide variety of small bees, flies, and butterflies. It is a pioneer species that stabilizes soil in disturbed areas.
Similar Species
Erigeron philadelphicus (Philadelphia Fleabane) which has stem-clasping leaves and more ray florets, and Erigeron strigosus (Prairie Fleabane) which has narrower leaves and fewer hairs.
Foraging Tips
Look for this plant in early to mid-summer in open sun. The blooming period is long, making it easy to spot against taller grasses. Not typically foraged for food.
Toxicity Warning
Non-toxic to humans, though some individuals may experience contact dermatitis from the hairs. Generally considered safe around livestock.