Manuka, also known as Tea Tree or New Zealand Tea Tree
Kingdom: Plantae, Division: Tracheophyta, Class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Myrtales, Family: Myrtaceae, Genus: Leptospermum, Species: Leptospermum scoparium · Myrtaceae (Myrtle family) · Simple, evergreen leaves
Species
Leptospermum scoparium
Leaf Type
Simple, evergreen leaves
Family
Myrtaceae (Myrtle family)
Shape
Lanceolate to narrowly elliptic with a sharp, prickly apex
Size
Approximately 7-12 mm long and 2-6 mm wide, typical of the species which ranges from 7-20 mm in length
Margin
Entire, smooth edges
Arrangement
Alternate, densely crowded along the woody stems
Rarity
Common within its native range and in cultivation
Color & Pattern
Dark olive green to brownish-green upper surfaces due to drying/pressing, paler underneath, with no prominent variegation
Venation Pattern
Pinnate with a distinct central midrib, though lateral veins are obscure
Texture & Surface
Leathery (coriaceous), glabrous, stiff with a sharp pointed tip
Description
Leptospermum scoparium is a prolific shrub or small tree featuring dense, twiggy branches covered in small, prickly, aromatic leaves. It produces abundant white, pink, or red flowers in spring and summer, followed by woody seed capsules that persist on the branches.
Key Features
Small, stiff, aromatic leaves ending in a sharp prickly point, alternate arrangement on dark woody stems, and peeling bark
Habitat
Found in scrublands, open forests, coastal areas, and disturbed sites; prefers acidic, well-draining soils and high moisture with full sun exposure
Geographic Range
Native to New Zealand and southeast Australia (including Tasmania); widely cultivated as an ornamental plant globally
Condition Notes
Pressed and dried herbarium specimen secured with adhesive tape; the leaves show natural darkening from the drying process but are structurally intact
Interesting Facts
The nectar gathered from Manuka flowers by bees is used to produce famous, highly valued Manuka honey known for its unique antibacterial properties
Medicinal & Uses
Used extensively for Manuka honey production, essential oils with antimicrobial properties, traditional Maori herbal medicine, and as an ornamental garden shrub
Ecological Role
Acts as an aggressive pioneer species on disturbed land, stabilizing soil and providing critical nectar sources for native bees and insects
Similar Species
Kunzea ericoides (Kanuka), which has softer, non-prickly leaves and white flowers in clusters rather than solitary
Foraging Tips
Look for dense shrubby growth in coastal or scrub regions; crush the leaves to release a strong, pleasant, tea-like medicinal aroma
Toxicity Warning
Non-toxic; safe for consumption and topical applications, though essential oils should be used with care to avoid skin irritation
Notes
The reflecting part is tesa