Common Ninebark, Atlantic Ninebark
Kingdom: Plantae, Division: Angiosperms, Class: Eudicots, Order: Rosales, Family: Rosaceae, Genus: Physocarpus, Species: Physocarpus opulifolius · Rosaceae (Rose family) · Simple; Deciduous
Species
Physocarpus opulifolius
Leaf Type
Simple; Deciduous
Family
Rosaceae (Rose family)
Shape
Ovate to rounded with 3 to 5 distinct palmate lobes; the central lobe is typically longer than the lateral lobes.
Size
Approximately 2-3 inches in length and width. This is a standard size for a mature specimen which typically ranges from 1.5 to 4 inches.
Margin
Serrate (sharply toothed) along the entire edge, including the lobes.
Arrangement
Alternate along the stem.
Rarity
Very Common; frequently used in landscaping and easily found in native riparian habitats.
Color & Pattern
Medium green base color with visible interveinal chlorosis (yellowing between the green veins). No variegation; typically turns yellow or bronze in autumn.
Venation Pattern
Palmate-pinnate; three main veins radiate from the base, with secondary pinnate branching.
Texture & Surface
Smooth (glabrous) on the upper surface; slightly textured with prominent veining on the underside.
Description
A deciduous, mound-shaped shrub known for its 'exfoliating' bark that peels in thin, papery layers on older stems. It produces small, white or pinkish flower clusters (corymbs) in late spring followed by reddish seed capsules.
Key Features
Three-lobed maple-like leaf, alternate arrangement (distinguishing it from maples which are opposite), and the characteristic peeling bark on the mature branches.
Habitat
Typically found in moist to well-drained soils, often along stream banks, rocky hillsides, and thickets. Prefers full sun to partial shade.
Geographic Range
Native to eastern North America, ranging from Quebec to Florida and west to the Dakotas and Arkansas. Widely planted as an ornamental shrub in temperate zones.
Condition Notes
The leaf shows signs of interveinal chlorosis, which suggests a nutrient deficiency (often iron or manganese) or pH imbalance. Overall health grade: Fair.
Interesting Facts
The name 'Ninebark' refers to the belief that the bark has nine layers that peel off. It is exceptionally hardy and can withstand harsh winters and various soil types.
Medicinal & Uses
Primarily used as an ornamental landscaping plant for its foliage and bark. Historically, some indigenous groups used a decoction of the bark as an analgesic or for gynecological aids, though this is not common today.
Ecological Role
Provides a nectar source for bees and butterflies; the dense branching provides nesting cover for birds. It is a larval host for several species of moths.
Similar Species
Acer spicatum (Mountain Maple) - distinguished by opposite leaf arrangement; Ribes species (Currants) - often have different fruit types and lack the peeling bark.
Foraging Tips
Look for a shrub with peeling bark near water sources or in garden borders. Check the stem: if it is alternate, it's likely Ninebark; if it is opposite, it is likely a Maple.
Toxicity Warning
Non-toxic to humans and common pets, though not considered an edible plant for human consumption.