Apple, Cultivated Apple
Kingdom: Plantae, Division: Tracheophyta, Class: Magnoliopsida, Order: Rosales, Family: Rosaceae, Genus: Malus, Species: M. domestica · Rosaceae (Rose family) · Simple, deciduous
Species
Malus domestica
Leaf Type
Simple, deciduous
Family
Rosaceae (Rose family)
Shape
Ovate to elliptical with occasional slight lobing or undulation
Size
Approximately 3-4 inches long and 2 inches wide, which is typical for standard apple tree varieties
Margin
Serrate (finely toothed)
Arrangement
Alternate
Rarity
Very Common
Color & Pattern
Medium to dark green on the upper surface, paler green with fine pubescence on the lower surface, with no unusual patterns
Venation Pattern
Pinnate with a prominent central midrib and branching secondary veins
Texture & Surface
Finely textured with a slightly rough or pubescent underside and a matte to semi-glossy upper surface
Description
The leaf belongs to the domesticated apple tree, a deciduous fruit tree known for its beautiful spring blossoms and nutritious edible fruits. The tree typically features a rounded, twiggy canopy with gray-brown scaly bark.
Key Features
Ovate shape, finely serrated margins, alternate arrangement, and hairy underside with prominent pinnate venation
Habitat
Temperate zones, well-draining loamy soils, full sun exposure, moderate moisture
Geographic Range
Originating from Central Asia, now cultivated globally in temperate regions worldwide
Condition Notes
Good health overall, with a minor insect feeding hole near the base, typical for outdoor orchard foliage
Interesting Facts
Apples belong to the rose family and are distantly related to strawberries, pears, and roses. There are over 7,500 known cultivars of apples
Medicinal & Uses
Apples are widely consumed fresh, cooked, or pressed into juice and cider. Rich in fiber, antioxidants, and vitamin C. Wood is sometimes used for smoking meats
Ecological Role
Provides nectar for pollinators in spring and food for numerous mammals and birds in autumn; highly valuable in temperate ecosystems
Similar Species
Crabapple (Malus spp.) which generally has smaller leaves and fruit, and pears (Pyrus spp.) which have glossier leaves with different serrations
Foraging Tips
Look for cultivated orchards, abandoned homesteads, or escaped specimens along forest edges and old fields in temperate climates
Toxicity Warning
Non-toxic leaves and flesh, but apple seeds contain cyanogenic glycosides and can be toxic in very large quantities if crushed and ingested