Leaf Morphology
Leaf Type
Simple, deciduous leaf
Shape
Ovated to oblong-ovate with an acute tip and a cordate or rounded, slightly asymmetrical base
Margin
Serrate (finely and sharply doubly toothed)
Arrangement
Alternate on the twig, frequently occurring in pairs
Venation
Pinnate venation with a prominent central midrib and 12 to 20 pairs of straight, parallel lateral veins extending to the margin teeth
Key Features
Distinguished by its sharply doubly-toothed ovate leaves with cordate (heart-shaped) bases, distinctively straight parallel lateral veins, and dark, non-peeling cherry-like bark that gives off a strong wintergreen scent when scraped
Description
Betula lenta, commonly known as Sweet Birch, is a medium to large deciduous tree growing up to 70-80 feet tall. It is renowned for its dark, smooth, reddish-brown bark that closely resembles that of a cherry tree, featuring horizontal lenticels on younger branches. The tree produces catkins in the spring and small winged nutlets in autumn. Its foliage provides a dense canopy that turns a brilliant golden yellow in the fall.
Habitat
Typically found in rich, moist, well-drained upland forests, rocky slopes, and along stream banks; prefers acidic soils and moderate sun exposure to partial shade
Native Range
Native to eastern North America, ranging from Maine and southern Ontario south to Georgia and Alabama, primarily along the Appalachian Mountains