Leaf Morphology
Leaf Type
Simple leaf, deciduous
Shape
Elliptical to ovate with an asymmetrical (unequal) base, tapering to a pointed apex
Margin
Doubly serrate (coarsely toothed with smaller teeth on the primary teeth)
Arrangement
Alternate along the twig
Venation
Pinnate with straight, prominent parallel veins branching symmetrically from a central midrib
Key Features
Asymmetrical leaf base (where one side of the blade attaches lower on the petiole than the other), doubly serrate margins, straight parallel side veins, and rough upper leaf surface
Description
The American Elm is a majestic, large deciduous tree famously known for its graceful, vase-like canopy and arching branches that often form a gothic cathedral-like arch over streets. Its bark is dark gray and deeply furrowed with diamond-shaped ridges. The leaves are distinctive for their asymmetrical bases and rough texture, providing dense shade throughout the summer before turning a golden yellow in the fall.
Habitat
Typically found in rich, moist soils of river bottoms, floodplains, and stream banks, as well as upland forests; thrives in full sun to partial shade
Native Range
Native to eastern and central North America, ranging from Nova Scotia west to Alberta, and south to Florida and Texas