Leaf Morphology
Leaf Type
Simple, evergreen
Shape
Oblanceolate to elliptical with an acute apex
Margin
Entire, slightly undulate
Arrangement
Alternate on short petioles
Venation
Pinnate with prominent midrib and raised secondary veins
Key Features
Smooth entire margins, distinctly aromatic leathery texture when fresh, and prominent pinnate veination
Description
An evergreen shrub or small tree reaching up to 10-18 meters with smooth dark grey-brown bark and dense foliage. Produces small yellowish-green flowers followed by small shiny black berries upon maturity.
Habitat
Mediterranean scrub forests and woodlands, preferring well-drained soil in full sun to partial shade
Native Range
Native to the Mediterranean region and widely cultivated in temperate landscapes globally
Identified on 10/18/2026