Black Cherry, Wild Black Cherry, or Mountain Black Cherry
Kingdom: Plantae; Division: Magnoliophyta; Class: Magnoliopsida; Order: Rosales; Family: Rosaceae; Genus: Prunus; Species: Prunus serotina · Rosaceae (Rose family) · Simple; deciduous
Species
Prunus serotina (High confidence based on leaf margin and shape)
Leaf Type
Simple; deciduous
Family
Rosaceae (Rose family)
Shape
Ovate-lanceolate to elliptical; approximately 2-5 inches in length.
Size
Approximately 3.5 inches long and 1.5 inches wide, fitting the standard adult range of 2-6 inches long.
Margin
Finely serrate with small, inward-curving (inflexed) teeth.
Arrangement
Alternate
Rarity
Very Common
Color & Pattern
Dark glossy green on the upper surface, paler green beneath. The midrib on the underside often features a fringe of reddish-brown or yellowish-white hairs near the base.
Venation Pattern
Pinnate with a prominent midrib and secondary veins that curve toward the margin.
Texture & Surface
Smooth and waxy/glossy on the upper side, slightly leathery (coriaceous). The underside is mostly smooth except for some pubescence along the midrib.
Description
The leaf of the Black Cherry is a classic oval shape with a pointed tip. The tree itself grows quite large, often reaching 50-80 feet. It is famous for its 'burnt potato chip' bark in maturity and its clusters of small white flowers that turn into dark purple-black drupes in late summer.
Key Features
Finely serrate margins with incurved teeth and two small glands on the petiole near the leaf base. The glossy upper surface is a major diagnostic trait.
Habitat
Thrives in a variety of environments including deciduous forests, old fields, and fence rows. Prefers deep, moist, fertile soils but is highly adaptable.
Geographic Range
Native to eastern North America, from eastern Canada through the United States to Mexico and Guatemala. Widely naturalized in parts of Europe.
Condition Notes
Fair to Good. There is slight mechanical damage or insect nibbling along the left margin, and the leaf appears somewhat wilted or detached, but shows no signs of fungal rust which often affects this species.
Interesting Facts
The wood is highly prized for high-end furniture and cabinetry. The cherries are a major food source for over 30 species of birds. Historically, cherry bark was used in cough medicines.
Medicinal & Uses
Fruits are edible and used for jellies and wine. The timber is commercially vital. Leaves and bark contain cyanogenic glycosides and were used traditionally in small amounts for respiratory issues, but carry significant risks.
Ecological Role
High wildlife value. It serves as a host plant for the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail and the Cecropia moth. Birds facilitate seed dispersal through fruit consumption.
Similar Species
Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), which has sharper, spreading teeth; Pin Cherry (Prunus pensylvanica), which has more narrow, lance-shaped leaves.
Foraging Tips
Look for the distinctive 'burnt cornflakes' texture of the bark on older trees. Forage the berries only when they are deep black-purple and fully ripe; they should taste sweet-tart with a slight bitter finish.
Toxicity Warning
Highly Toxic (except for the ripe fruit flesh). The seeds (pits), bark, and especially wilted leaves contain hydrocyanic acid (cyanide). It is particularly dangerous to livestock if they consume wilted leaves.